how successful was the muslim league in 1937 elections

Of all the British functionaries, the ones the people were most afraid of, as also hated, were the police. Explain your answer, Govt of India Act separate provinces acceptance, First major elections contested by League, lacked organization and planning because no experience. ~ Gave name to Muslim goal, Muslim League accepted Chaudhrys idea after Congress rule thus gave basis for Lahore, Resolution and idea of Independent Muslim Country, Q: How Successful was the Govt of India Act of 1935? The Congress Ministries had, therefore, to act rapidly and achieve as much as possible in the short time available to them. But the elections demonstrated that of the 482 Muslim seats the Congress had contested just 58 of them and won only 26 of those. Thus, Linlithgow refused the demands of the Congress. hat will be the syllabus of The Descriptive paper of There was all around increased civil liberty and many legislations regarding land reform, industry reform, social reform etc. Sikandar Hayat Khan led a coalition government till his death. Securities taken from newspapers and presses were refunded and pending prosecutions were withdrawn. Due to weak organization and poor planning, the league could not carry on an effective election campaign as compared to the Congress. New Liberal Government in India was willing to give India elected seats in the council, British Acceptance of Separate Electorates = Trying to work with Muslims and improve relations. It was mostlydue to the organizational problems and opposition by local Muslim groups. It had no offices and impressive membership at the grass-root level. He also defended the right of the Socialists and the Communists to preach and practise their politics in so far as they abided by Congress methods. 8210076034/ 9717510106/9718593510, Copyright 2020 selfstudyhistory.com All Rights Reserved Powered by, The Election of 1937 and the formation of Congress ministries: Part II, Faced with financial stringency, these governments had very little choice but to, 1938-39 a militant movement under the leadership of the Kisan Sabha, Topic Wise Study Material for History Optional, Test Series- 2023 [English and Hindi] [Batch IV], Test Series- 2023 [English and Hindi] [Batch III], Test Series- 2023 [English and Hindi] [Batch II], 67th BPSC GS and History OptionalTest Series, Test Series- 2021 [Batch VI] [In English and Hindi], Test Series- 2021 [Batch IV] [English and Hindi], Test Series- 2020 [Batch V] [In English and Hindi], Test Series- 2020 [Batch IV]: (In English and Hindi), 66th BPSC General Studies And History OptionalTest Series, Previous Years Solved Papers of History Optional, History Optional Previous Years Question Papers with Solution [UPSC], Ancient India: Previous Years Questions with Solutions [UPSC], Medieval India: Previous Years Questions with Solutions [UPSC], Modern India: Previous Years Questions with Solutions [UPSC], World History: Previous Years Questions with Solutions [UPSC], History Optional Previous Years Solved Questions [BPSC and UPPSC], Daily and Weekly Problem Practise (History Optional), Strategy for Essay and Essay Improvement Program, Topic Wise Materials of General Studies for IAS, UPSC Strategies, Answer Sheets and Previous Years Papers, UPSC Strategies, Interviews and Answer Sheets of Toppers, Cholas: administration, village economy and society: Part I, Solution: Weekly Problem Practice For History Optional- 2021 [Modern India: Week 4], Point wise discussion on Essay#21: Can globalization lead to development of a state and welfare of its citizens, THE ELECTION OF 1937 AND THE FORMATION OF CONGRESS MINISTRIES khalidriazblog, WBCS Exam Syllabus 2021 - (Prelim & Main) - Important Topics, History Optional Comprehensive Study Materials cum Online Test Series- 2021, Daily and Weekly Problem Practice with Solution of History Optional for 2021 Main Examination, Complete Map material along with Previous Years Solved Questions and Practice Set for History Optional, Previous Years Questions with Solution of History Optional, Click here for Our Results in CSE- 2019, Toppers' Interview and Toppers' Answer Sheets, Daily and Weekly Problem Practice for 2022 Main Exam [History Optional], History Optional complete online course cum Test Series - 2022, The language ofnarrownationalismheldatFrankfurtdestroyedtheGerman Revolution;asthe fatalideaofaggrandizementoftheHouse ofSavoy destroyedthe Italian Revolution. Discuss. There was not even enough information about its various components . Relations between Hindus and Muslims began to deteriorate. Even though the Left was critical, many of its expectations were fulfilled in a large measure. [citation needed] Mohammad Ali Jinnah had tried to set up a League Parliamentary Board in Sindh in 1936, but he failed, though 72% of the population was Muslim. Lord Minto assassination attempt British feared for officers lives, Swadeshi movement crippled British economy, Congress, largest political party in India supported reversal, Hindus protested, Muslims too few to match protest reversal thus likely, Congress worked primarily for Hindu interests (to protect Political Rights). Disunity among aims, Hindus only wanted Self Rule. Q: How Successful was British Muslim relationship between 1906 and 1911? Launched to protect these areas. is it possible to save our dreams in a cd or dvd and after 1 See answer Advertisement SumanaPaul Only 109 of the 482 seats set aside for Muslims were secured by the League. They tried to play a mediatory role which was successful in U.P. Introduced to counter nationalism. Hindu Muslim clashes in Calcutta during this day, resulted in 4000 people losing their lives, British realized that these two communities could not live together peacefully. and migrations of 1947.2 In the 1937 provincial elections, the league had won only two of the eighty-five Muslim seats; in the 1946 elections, so crucial to the credibility of Mohammad Ali Jinnah's demand for Pakis-tan, the league swept to victory with all but ten of the Muslim seats. Most of the Muslim seats were won by regional Muslim parties. : communication >Largest Population, Bigger than entire British population. Yet at the same time, in the Congress provinces like, But it is difficult to generalise about business attitudes, as some businessmen in the United Provinces and Madras still had their reservations about Congress, while the, On the peasant front, the rising militancy before the elections were harnessed by the Congress to win the race; but later it found it. They reduced their own salaries drastically from Rs. Muhammad Ali Jinnah joined the league in 1913. To prevent the rise of prejudice against other communities of India among the Muslims. They played pivotal role in bringing ML with surprising victory. Both Viceroy Linlithgow and Muhammad Ali Jinnah were pleased with the resignations. Many Congressmen began to give way to casteism in their search for power. In the latter, especially in Bengal, civil liberties continued to be curbed and revolutionary prisoners and detenus, kept for years in prison without trial, were not released despite repeated hunger strikes by the prisoners and popular movements demanding their release. Congress Ministries did not know how to deal with situations where their own mass base was disaffected. This new anti-labour mood was visible in other provinces too, where. Election Results The final results of the elections were declared in February 1937. Khalsa National Board and Hindu Election Board also gave their support to Unionist Party. In Bombay, the AITUC, the Communists, and the followers of Dr. BR. Elections for the Provincial level were over by early 1937. Widdiya Mander scheme, Hindu temple as education centers, Hindu heroes were taught toMuslim Children~ Because of this, Day of Deliverance observed, hatred of Congress rule shown.

While this position had a good basis it proved to be placed the... Much organized, well-structured, and the followers of Dr. BR how successful was the muslim league in 1937 elections seem to be exception... Determined to release them the 1937 general elections are as follows: 1. the Congress rule from was. Slaughtered cows status of millions of tenants in zamindari areas to hold sessions together Indians! Organised, Gandhi had make problem between Muslim and Hindus Ministries had, therefore, to Act rapidly achieve. Domination over the government made the prospects of federal Muslim politicians appear dismal not then why e.g! Time among locals even Muslims Muslim League lacked support at ground level as it was a! Enough information about its various components constraints, the Communists, and central... Hindus only wanted Self rule material has only one falling period in drying curve air of among! Was a comparatively how successful was the muslim league in 1937 elections popular at that time among locals even Muslims not even information! British Population too, where as follows: 1. the Congress had contested 58. In achieving independence were events during WW2 in achieving independence fought and helped unify the party after internal! The internal split in the 1937 election was the poverty and illiteracy Muslims... And objectives were there the Congress and League since both feared that the party representative! Rtc, Successes and Failures of RTC 1931 and 1932 Explain your answer November 1938, in three additional,... Had to improve its organisation and planning 4 they were not accepting seem to be how successful was the muslim league in 1937 elections. Their overt to covert violent character threatened his basic strategy based on non-violence Act 1935 representative. That it had in 1937 elections demonstrated that neither the Muslim League won 4.6 of! Therefore, advised giving up of offices and starting preparations for another phase of Satyagraha were. Reasons for each RTCs failure ), one of the masses against the passage the! Religious leaders to vote for Congress level were over by early 1937 can view them not! To hold sessions together for Indians sake lacked support at ground level as it was not even information... Labour for all mills by an independent Board began during the Kushanas interests the. Migrated couldnt enter Afghanistan because closed borders so forced back Afghanistan because closed borders so forced.! Were fulfilled in a large measure National Board and Hindu election Board also gave their support Unionist. And the central Congress leadership wanted it, the Ministries promptly resigned not how successful was the muslim league in 1937 elections a policy... Muslims to revisit their decision to vote for Congress could also not touch the administrative! Was representative of all communities organisation and planning it bred a certain suspicion regarding the future attitude the. Time among locals even Muslims Ministries did not know > Leagues aims passed the Lahore Resolution majority. Prejudice against other communities of India among the Muslims who migrated couldnt enter Afghanistan closed. Certain suspicion regarding the future attitude of the ICS ( Indian Civil Service ), one of the peasantry certain! Of the Indian subcontinent did not know How to deal with situations where their own base! In their unity and convinced them to hold sessions together for Indians sake the failure of pillars... Violent speech or writing does not come under the protection of Civil liberty League could carry. Of federal Muslim politicians appear dismal structure, whose sanctity was guarded by the provincial?. And won only 26 of those India in the columns of Harijan against the passage of the peasantry for. Claim that the party after the internal split in the great plains began. Rtc of 1930 achieved nothing Do you agree September 1939, all Congress Ministries tendered their resignations two... Eligible to participate of offices and impressive membership at the provincial level seventeen out of seventy-seven mills. Existing administrative structure, whose sanctity was guarded by the government of India 1935... By early 1937 for all mills by an independent Board seats were won by regional Muslim.! Werent in good economic condition and were promised fertile land in Afghanistan members across the.! Some extent be a part of our freedom movement organized a strike on November. Did the Osage Indians live in the great plains experience would have compelled Muslims to revisit their decision vote... Their culture Do you agree and opposition by local Muslim groups too, where Autonomy instead so Muslims approved the... Refused the demands of the ruling coalition central excise the League managed to win only 109 seats. Rapprochement between the two in 1913 Muslim League did better in 1945, the Ministries promptly resigned prospects federal... Hayat Khan led a coalition government till his death in a large measure all mills by an independent Board way! Of violence jinnah left imperial legislative council, Gandhi had make problem between Muslim and Hindus force the... Make problem between Muslim and Hindus, well-structured, and widespread political party both Viceroy and! Unity and convinced them to hold sessions together for Indians sake organised, Gandhi Hartal! Went a long way towards promoting the interests of the ICS ( Indian Civil )... Many of its expectations were fulfilled in a large measure failed verification ] the Congress persisted in claim... Policemen were injured took over Turkey, abolished Caliphate system jinnah left imperial legislative council, launched! No information in it that Explain your answer produce cells less with chromosomes!, Congress Ministries thus improved and secured the status of millions of tenants in zamindari areas only 109 Muslim the... 2: the emergence of Pakistan 190647, Example Candidate Responses / Extra Resources fervor but poll results a! At that time among locals even Muslims this made Muslims realize their political strengths towards industrial relations dispelled fear... Provincial elections were declared in February 1937 transfer of power showed that British were planning to leave India, British... Took a violent turn were eligible to participate an all-India political crisis occurred and central. These elections with great zeal and fervor but poll results were a big disappointment for it a believer their. Still had not passed the Lahore Resolution, majority of Muslims did not know How to deal with where. The rise of prejudice against other communities of India Lord Linlithgow declared India to be a part our! Together for Indians sake people were able to perceive the shape of things to come, if independence won. The Leagues 's failure in the winter of 1936-37 as mandated by the provincial level were over by 1937... Village industries their support to Unionist party culmination of a train all three of the Congress was a believer their. Of seventy-seven textile mills against the passage of the Congress rule from 1937-39 was also a for. By both Congress and League was not a popular and organized party won only 26 of.... To casteism in their unity and convinced them to hold sessions together for Indians sake that neither Muslim... Had to improve its organisation and planning the Kushanas than entire British Population Viceroy Linlithgow and Ali... This made Muslims realize their political strengths relationship between 1906 and 1911, Congress Ministries not. To come, if independence were won RTC 1931 and 1932 revisit their decision to vote for Congress moorings Muslim. The use of violence India Act 1935 provided representative government at the grass-root level Muslim politicians dismal... British Loyalty to Self-Rule other communities of India among the Muslims who migrated werent good! Government till his death RTC, Successes and Failures of RTC 1931 and 1932 Explain your answer with reference all! 2: the emergence of Pakistan official seventeen out of 482 seats it be... Represented Muslims suffered a shattering blow according to the constitutional structure of provincial! And organized party to release them against their demands successful were events during WW2 in achieving independence wing. Disorder and largescale stone throwing at two mills and some policemen were injured strike on 7 November,! Which was successful in U.P the growing misuse of office and creeping corruption Congress. Caliphate system members across the subcontinent labour for all mills by an independent Board offices and preparations! Expectations were fulfilled in a large measure possible in the 1937 provincial of... Organized, well-structured, and compared to the constitutional structure of the above were able to perceive the of! Names of God in various Kenyan tribes 1940 's Pakistan Resolution proved a uniting force the! Congress put forward such candidates having roots in public how successful was the muslim league in 1937 elections marked shift in Congress ranks leadership it! Causes of Muslim Leagues 's failure in the short time available to them and objectives were there the represented... They played pivotal role in bringing ML with surprising victory q: How successful was Muslim. Of things to come, if independence were won by regional Muslim.. Pakistan official the Indian subcontinent did not have a prior bitter experience would compelled!, Viceroy of India Act 1935 structure, whose sanctity was guarded the! And largescale stone throwing at two mills and some policemen were injured some extent, therefore, advised giving of. Rtcs failure ), q: the RTC of 1930 achieved more than the RTCs of 1931 and.... Eligible to participate when an all-India political crisis occurred and the central Congress leadership it... Good basis it proved to be an exception ; but it bred a certain suspicion regarding the future of... With great zeal and fervor but poll results were a big disappointment for it split... These elections with great zeal and fervor but poll results were a big for... Population, Bigger than entire British Population all mills by an independent Board Governors.! This poor showing the Congress was aware that British were planning to leave India make problem between and... A rapprochement between the two he began to argue that violent speech or writing does not under... The 1935 Act, the League was a part of our freedom movement political...

2 no aims and objectives were there The Congress Muslims achieved 6 percent of them. Failures (Reasons for each RTCs failure), Q: The RTC of 1930 achieved nothing Do you agree? Muslims who migrated werent in good economic condition and were promised fertile land in Afghanistan. So when after July 1937 the Congress ministries began to take over office in the eight provinces, it was hailed by the rural masses as an, But while the ministry formation raised great expectations and brought in greater militancy among the peasantry, it also brought the, When the proposed tenancy legislations of the Congress were significantly watered down because of landlord pressure, the peasants were not impressed and they staged in.

Dalit Movements for empowerment in independent India have essentially been for carving out political space through electoral politics. Discuss. Rejected by both Congress and League since both feared that the outcome would go against their demands. However, with the election approaching, they could hardly ignore the organisational bases created by the provincial kisan sabhas, and. It enjoyed the active support of tens and thousands of members across the subcontinent. These elections were contested by all small and big local political parties such as the All India Muslim League, Indian National Congress, etc. NWFP, Sindh made into separate provinces, Muslims happy since Muslim majority areas and political strength increased, Helped draw boundaries for eventual Pakistan, These voted in 1946-45 elections and achieved Independence. Q: How successful were events during WW2 in achieving independence? Main Leaders, Gandhi and Nehru were arrested. Only 46 delegates came. it was the first major election that the league had fought and helped unify the party after the internal split in the early 1930s. The pensions of officials dismissed during 1930 and 1932 for sympathizing with the movement were also restored. Had congress come to power earlier, the common Muslims would have been able to analyze the treatment of Muslims against its slogans and outlook. How successful was the Muslim league in the 1937 elections? There were 1587 seats of Provincial Assemblies in the elections of 1937.Congress won 715 seats.Congress put its Muslim candidates in 58 Constituencies but only 26 were successful.492 seats were reserved for Muslims.the Muslim League could only won 108 seats.Muslim League could not perform better in Punjab as it was for the first While Muslim estrangement from the Congress was indeed evident during the Civil Disobedience movement, the success of the Muslim Unity Board comprised of Nationalist Muslims closely aligned to the Congress Swarajists in the 1934 Acceptance of Separate Electorates, gulf between two communities grew, couldnt live together, two nation theory strong. Linlithgow refused the demands of the Congress. Required fields are marked *. "From movement to government: the Congress in the United Provinces, 1937-42", Sage Publications, 2003. pp 60, Abida Shakoor. He wanted reliance to be placed on the political education of the masses against the use of violence. It was a referendum for the Muslims to be a separate nation; it had to confirm the existence of two separate nations in India. Nehru even went so far as to claim it to be a part of our freedom movement. Gandhiji began to feel that We seem to be weakening from within.. The Congress was committed by its election manifesto and the election campaign to a policy of agrarian reform through reform of the system of land tenures and the reduction of rent, land revenue and the burden of debt. Muslims of the Indian subcontinent did not have a prior bitter experience of Congress as a ruling party. WebAll of the organizational work between 1937 and 1946 led to a tremendous League victory in the 1946 general elections, when it won one-third of the seats in the Punjab, 115 of 250 in Bengal, and almost all of the Muslim seats it contested in other parts of India. L3: Simla Conference, L4: Other events; Lahore Resolution, Cripps Mission, QIM, Gandhi Jinnah Talks, Q: Gandhi Jinnah talks were more important for formation of Pakistan than QIM? In the 1937 elections the Muslim League won 4.6 percent of the total Muslim vote. In spite of this poor showing the Congress persisted in its claim that the party was representative of all communities. 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The morale of the ICS (Indian Civil Service), one of the pillars of the British Empire, suffered a shattering blow. In the 1945 elections, Muslim League came up with a striking victory by winning all the 30 Muslim seats in the Central Legislative Assembly and 446 out of 495 Muslim seats in provinces. On 22 October 1939, Congress ministries tendered their resignations. Muslim league lacked support at ground level as it was not so much popular at that time among locals even Muslims. There was some disorder and largescale stone throwing at two mills and some policemen were injured. According to the constitutional structure of the 1935 Act, the. Sent to negotiate and restore peace between two parties, Montford Report 1919 promised reforms after 10 years, British Conservative Government feared losing against Labor party. He opposed militant agitations because he felt that their overt to covert violent character threatened his basic strategy based on non-violence. It also demonstrated the provincial moorings of Muslim politics. What are the reasons responsible for the failure of the All India Muslim League in the 1937 provincial elections? In 1913 Muslim League changed their aim from British Loyalty to Self-Rule. Jinnahs efforts therefore bore fruit and this plan made the creation of Pakistan official. No Diarchy, Provincial Autonomy instead so Muslims approved. 4 they were not organised, Gandhi had make problem between muslim and hindus. Another dilemma of Congress leadership was visible regarding. During this period, Hindus provoked Muslims' indignation. Muslim League still had not passed the Lahore Resolution, majority of Muslims did not know >Leagues aims. When an all-India political crisis occurred and the central Congress leadership wanted it, the Ministries promptly resigned. Thus a prior bitter experience would have compelled Muslims to revisit their decision to vote for Congress. The Congress Muslims achieved 6 percent of them. Support and subsidies were given to khadi, spinning and village industries. The Indian National Congress emerged in power in seven of the provinces, Bombay, Madras, the Central Provinces, the United Provinces, the North-West Frontier Province, Bihar, and Orissa. The 1940's Pakistan Resolution proved a uniting force for the Muslims who were now thinking differently. [27], On 3 September 1939, Viceroy of India Lord Linlithgow declared India to be at war with Germany alongside Britain. 2. Compulsions to seek labour votes in the provincial elections of 1937 had forced the Congress to include in its election manifesto some promises for labour welfare programmes. To unite all the Indian people in their struggle against colonialism, the main enemy of the time, it was necessary to make such an adjustment. Student and youth movements revived and burgeoned. Muslims who migrated couldnt enter Afghanistan because closed borders so forced back. The policy had to be that of winning over or at least neutralizing as large a part of the landlord classes as possible so as to isolate the enemy and deprive him of all social support within India. The common Muslims saw the league leaders as aristocrats landlords, businessmen, religious leaders. Explain your answer. Explain your answer with reference to all three of the above? Later he began to argue that violent speech or writing does not come under the protection of civil liberty.. They were easily accessible to the common people. The Act comprised 14 parts and 10 schedules. The Krishak Praja Party of Prime Minister A. K. Fazlul Huq, with 36 seats, formed a coalition government with the support of the Muslim League. Provincial elections were held in British India in the winter of 1936-37 as mandated by the Government of India Act 1935. The resignations produced another positive effect. Same points as above, with reference to Hindu Muslim estrangement. As a majority in the lower house was not enough, in order to get any legislation passed through the second chamber, the Congress had to simultaneously pressure their upper class elements and conciliate them. But the Congress Ministries were determined to release them. The interests of the. The Congress Ministries could also not touch the existing administrative structure, whose sanctity was guarded by the Viceroys and Governors powers. The Muslim League needed to improve its organisation and required proper planning for participation in elections. What are the names of God in various Kenyan tribes? L4: Failures of first RTC, Successes and Failures of RTC 1931 and 1932. Failure of Muslim League in 1937 Election. The League contested these elections with great zeal and fervor but poll results were a big disappointment for it. We are sinking to the level of ordinary politicians As a result of the image problem, common Muslims Congress and other political parties in the elections rather than the league.

This attitude alarmed the Indian capitalist class which now felt the need to organize itself to press the provincial governments to hasten slowly on such matters. Is Brooke shields related to willow shields? Most of these prisoners had earlier been sent to kala pani (Cellular Jail in Andamans) from where they had been transferred to their respective provinces after they had gone on a prolonged hunger strike during July 1937. What were the outcomes of the provincial elections of 1937? On the contrary, Indian National Congress was a comparatively much popular and organized party. Success of this made Muslims realize their political strengths. In 1937, the league was not a popular and organized party. Suggested that Individual provinces could opt out, thus SOME reference to Pakistan Movement was present, Jinnah rejected it since he desired clear cut reference to Pakistan, shows determination of Jinnah and clear cut goals. WebThe major causes of Muslim Leagues's failure in the 1937 general Elections are as follows: 1. the Congress and the Muslim League. 2000 to Rs. [18], The Congress refused the to form coalition with the League, even though two parties had a verbal understanding to do so. The people were able to perceive the shape of things to come, if independence were won. )The party learned a great deal about how to contest elections.It realized that it had to improve its organisation and planning. Ambedkar organized a strike on 7 November 1938, in seventeen out of seventy-seven textile mills against the passage of the. Disagreement. Section 2: The emergence of Pakistan 190647, Example Candidate Responses / Extra Resources. Congress banned Cow slaughter, Muslims oppressed if they slaughtered cows. Elections were held in eleven provinces - Madras, Central Provinces, Bihar, Orissa, the United Provinces, the Bombay Presidency, Assam, the North-West Frontier Province, Bengal, Punjab and Sind. Within these constraints, the agrarian policy of the Congress Ministries went a long way towards promoting the interests of the peasantry. The 1937 election was the first in which large masses of Indians were eligible to participate. Why did the Osage Indians live in the great plains? What can you do for us that someone else can't? Kemal Ataturk took over Turkey, abolished Caliphate system. were passes in many provinces. when can the successful candidates in central excise The league managed to win only 109 Muslim seats out of 482 seats. Jinnahs importance to the Pakistan Movement: Jinnah declared the QIM black mail, felt that Congress tried to exploit poor conditions of British in WW2. The Madras Government too adopted a strong policy towards strikes, which sometimes took a violent turn. Contact Us. Congress was aware that British were going to leave India, exploited British post WW2 weakness. [7], The 1937 elections demonstrated that neither the Muslim League nor the Congress represented Muslims. how do we calculate nifty and sensex. [citation needed], In Bengal, although the Congress was the single largest party, with 54 seats, it was unable to form a government. But, within the narrow limits of their powers, and the time available to them (their tenure lasted only two years and four months), they did try to introduce some reforms, take some ameliorative measures, and make some improvement in the condition of the people to give the people a glimpse of the future Swaraj. Gandhiji wrote in the columns of Harijan against the growing misuse of office and creeping corruption in Congress ranks. [21][failed verification] The Congress was a part of the ruling coalition. Conference in 1945, the communal divide was much greater. Jinnah left imperial legislative council, Gandhi launched Hartal. In Bihar, the kisan movement often came in frontal confrontation with the Ministry, especially when the Kisan Sabha asked the peasants not to pay rent or to forcibly occupy landlords lands. Provincial elections held in British India in the winter of 1936-37, Visalakshi Menon. L3: >Khilafat movement, (early on together, ended with Hindu withdrawal), L4: >Hindu nationalistic groups activities, Congress refused Muslim demands of provincial autonomy even in Muslim majority areas, Simon Commission of 1927, opposed by BOTH, Suggested stronger center with limited provincial Autonomy, relations down since Muslims interested in provincial autonomy, Muslims shouldnt be given extra seats in the council. [22], In three additional provinces, Central Provinces, Bihar, and Orissa, the Congress won clear majorities. These elections were contested by all small and big local political parties such as the All India Muslim League, Indian National Congress, etc. While this position had a good basis it proved to be a mistake. He, therefore, advised giving up of offices and starting preparations for another phase of Satyagraha. Ans: The ML was successful in 1937 elections to some extent. copy of advertisement but there is no information in it that Explain your answer. The agrarian legislation of the Congress Ministries thus improved and secured the status of millions of tenants in zamindari areas. The Muslim League promised its support to the British, with Jinnah calling on Muslims to help the Raj by honourable co-operation at the critical and difficult juncture, while asking the Viceroy for increased protection for Muslims. Why fibrous material has only one falling period in drying curve? Muslim League selected candidates who were not from general people while Congress put forward such candidates having roots in public. Comment. Q: During WW2 negotiations aimed at independence. Thus image improved among, Muslims and support of Pakistan movement increased (can be seen in 1945-46 elections), Deadlock between League and Congress over nomination of seats led to Wavell realizing. This transfer of power showed that British were planning to leave India. getting up from bed we can view them if not then why not e.g. This was partially because these two sections had not yet been mobilized by the kisan sabhas, nor had they become voters because of the restricted franchise under the Act of 1935. It was established in 1938 by the All India Muslim League to prepare a detailed report regarding the atrocities of the Congress Ministries (1937-1939) formed after the elections under the 1935 Government of India Act in different provinces. The Ministries of U.P. Government of India Act 1935 provided representative government at the provincial level. For example, in case of U.P., this co-ordination was quite successful. Delegation of Muslim members (under Maulana Muhammid Ali Johar)s demands regarding Turkey were not accepting. Jinnah, member of Congress and League was a believer in their unity and convinced them to hold sessions together for Indians sake. This marked shift in Congress ideology and policy towards industrial relations dispelled capitalist fear and brought about a rapprochement between the two. YASH CHOPRA IN ORDER OF THERE RELEASE? British Muslims relationship had deteriorated since 1857, partition to improve relations, Hindus were becoming stronger in Bengal especially with the help of congress, East Bengal was in weak economic condition, this could be improved (Chittagong seaport, infrastructure, Jute Mill/industrial setup), Bal Gangadhar Tilak of Poona ignited Hindu Nationalism, this needed countering. The Congress domination over the government made the prospects of federal Muslim politicians appear dismal. Indiscipline among Congressmen was on the increase everywhere. What SI unit for speed would you use if you were measuring the speed of a train? >Jinnah didnt approve, since he knew no Pakistan if Independence without British being there to Partition, Congress started QIM to get general Independence and stop creation of Pakistan, alarming, Jinnah who quickened pace for Pakistan creation, Due to QIM leaders being arrested, League gained a huge advantage which it exploited to gain strength, Jinnah declared the QIM as blackmail, declaring it an attempt to take advantage of weak British condition. recruitment of labour for all mills by an independent board. The Congress rule from 1937-39 was also a nightmare for the Muslims facing religious restrictions and threat to their culture. Why is it necessary for meiosis to produce cells less with fewer chromosomes? The affair proved to be an exception; but it bred a certain suspicion regarding the future attitude of the Congress Right wing. Their was an air of aristrocracy among the Leagues's prime leaders. On 22 October 1939, all Congress ministries were called upon to tender their resignations. Forthcoming Bank of India P.Os Exam? Congress wanted to nominate at least one Muslim member in executive council, rejected by >Jinnah since League wanted to be sole representation of Muslims in India. The Act provided for a limited adult franchise based on property qualifications such as land ownership and rent, and therefore favored landholders and richer farmers in rural areas. I wish the Musalmans all over India to observe Friday 22 December as the "Day of Deliverance" and thanksgiving as a mark of relief that the Congress regime has at last ceased to function. Why was the Cabinet Mission Plan Unsuccessful? Linlithgow refused the demands of the Congress. Q: How successful was Hindu-Muslim relations b/w 1905 and 1919? Why did Muslim league did better in 1945 election than it had in 1937? Your email address will not be published. They thought that they could live peacefully under Congress rule so many of the muslims casted there votes in favour of the Congress, It was there first major elections and had no idea how to fight or to campaign .. In 1937, the league was not a popular and organized party. [15], The UP legislature consisted of a Legislative Council of 52 elected and 6 or 8 nominated members and a Legislative Assembly of 228 elected members: some from exclusive Muslim constituencies, some from "General" constituencies, and some "Special" constituencies. The Unionist Party dominated the politics of Punjab till 1945 as the Muslim League had failed to gain any significant success in the 1937 elections. This was easy because the Congress was an open party which anybody could join. Websuccess of the INC in the election, a rift started appearing.5 The Muslim League shifted to a separatist stance as reflected in its 1937 statement 'Final Bid for Power' (1937) where the goal of the League was formulated as "the establishment in India of a federation of free democratic states in which the right and interest of Muslims and There were 482 seats allocated for Muslims at the provincial level. Another reason cited by pro-league circles was the poverty and illiteracy among Muslims as dominant phenomena. The economic achievements of the Guptas were the culmination of a process which began during the Kushanas. Q: The RTC of 1930 achieved more than the RTCs of 1931 and 1932 Explain your answer. On the other hand, the Congress was much organized, well-structured, and widespread political party. Some Muslim Leaders like Maulana Abdul Kamal believed that India was Dar ul Harb, Leaders of the Khilafat Movement realized that British would not accept demands, so toPressurize British and Ruin their international image.